The Book of Mormon
Another Testament of Jesus Christ — the founding scripture of the LDS Restorationist tradition
Tradition: Restorationist Christianity / Latter-day Saint movement
The restored scripture of the ancient American peoples — proof of continuing revelation and the Restoration of the original Church
The Book of Mormon is the founding scripture of the Latter-day Saint movement and (alongside the Bible, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price) one of the four standard works of the LDS Church. The Mormon account is that Joseph Smith, a young farmer in upstate New York, was visited beginning in 1820 by the Father and the Son and subsequently directed by the angel Moroni to a set of golden plates buried in the Hill Cumorah, inscribed by ancient American prophets in "reformed Egyptian," which Smith translated by inspiration. The narrative traces the religious-historical experience of two Israelite migrations to the Americas (the Lehites c. 600 BCE and the Mulekites and Jaredites earlier), their prophets, their internal religious-political conflicts, the post-resurrection ministry of Christ in the Americas (3 Nephi), and the final destruction of the Nephite civilization by the Lamanites around 400 CE. The book's claim to revealed status founds the LDS doctrine of continuing revelation — the same God who inspired biblical prophets continues to inspire prophets today.
Author
Editions cited
- 1830 first edition (Palmyra, New York)
- Current LDS edition (1981, with chapter-and-verse, current footnotes)
- Critical text edition: Royal Skousen, The Earliest Text (Yale, 2009)
- The Book of Mormon: A Reader's Edition (Grant Hardy, U. Illinois, 2003)
School Embodiments
The founding scripture of the LDS tradition.
"And whoso receiveth this record, and shall not condemn it because of the imperfections which are in it, the same shall know of greater things than these." (Mormon 8:12)
The Book of Mormon emerged from the religious milieu of the Second Great Awakening in upstate New York; its rhetorical idiom and many of its theological concerns descend from early-19th-century American evangelical Protestantism.
"For behold, this is my work and my glory — to bring to pass the immortality and eternal life of man." (Moses 1:39, in the related Pearl of Great Price — characteristic LDS-evangelical phrase)
The LDS doctrine of human-divine continuity ("as man is, God once was; as God is, man may become") is one of the principal nineteenth-century religious sources for the transhumanist intuition of human deification.
"As man now is, God once was; as God now is, man may be." (Lorenzo Snow couplet, derived from LDS scripture and Smith's 1844 King Follett Discourse)
The Book of Mormon explicitly rejects key Reformed doctrines: it has free-will salvation, ongoing revelation, an open canon, plural divine persons. It defines itself partly in opposition to the Reformed Protestantism of its 1830 milieu.
"Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy." (2 Nephi 2:25 — explicit free-will theology against Reformed total-depravity)
Internal Tensions
Modern archaeology, linguistics, and genetics have not found evidence for the historical existence of Nephites/Lamanites as the Book of Mormon describes them, and the LDS Church has, since the 1990s, increasingly framed the account as theological narrative rather than literal historical record (the "limited-geography" and "expansive-translation" frameworks). The book's authority within the tradition does not depend on its historical literalness.
I. Time
Linear restoration time; the dispensation of the fullness of times.
Attributes
II. Space
Substantival created cosmos with multiple inhabited worlds (LDS cosmology).
Attributes
III. Matter
Substantival — Smith held that all spirit is also matter, of a finer kind.
Attributes
IV. Observer
Plural embodied (and eternally embodied) observers. Personal metaphysical agency.
Attributes
V. Energy
Standard substantival physics within an embodied-deity cosmology.
Attributes
VI. Information
Personal spirit conserved; eternal progression toward exaltation.
Attributes
Personas that cite this work
Personas with the nearest attribute fingerprint
Historical figures whose own classification on the same six-dimensional grid lands closest to this work's. Computed by attribute-agreement on coordinates both address.
Computed school proximity
The work's attribute fingerprint scored against all schools using the same quiz scorer. Useful as a sanity check on the hand-curated embodiments above.
How The Book of Mormon resolves each dilemma
57 resolved positions across 4 dimensions, including 5 distinctive where the majority of schools go the other way.
Each dimension is sorted so minority positions come first. Mainstream positions are folded into an expandable list.
Time · 9 dilemmas · 3 distinctive
Persistence, the future, and the direction of becoming.
6 mainstream positions
Matter · 7 dilemmas, all mainstream
Observer · 37 dilemmas · 2 distinctive
Mind, agency, and the knower's relation to the known.