Idealism

Time is emergent from consciousness — it does not exist independently of the mind that perceives it. The idealist sees temporal flow as a feature of mental experience rather than an objective container. Time's extent is both finite and infinite depending on the level of mind: individual experience is finite, but Absolute Mind or Spirit may be eternal. Direction is multi-directional because the mind can revisit the past and anticipate the future freely.

Space is emergent and mind-dependent — it exists only as a structure of perception, not as an independent container. Its curvature is undefined because the idealist does not grant space an objective geometric character. It is non-local: the mind transcends spatial limitation and can apprehend realities beyond any particular place.

Matter is emergent and ontologically dependent on mind — it exists only as a content of perception. For Berkeley, "to be is to be perceived"; what we call matter is nothing but a stable pattern in the experience of minds. Matter is conserved only in the sense that the divine mind sustains the regularity of the world, and it is non-local because mind-dependent phenomena are not confined to particular spatial regions.

Energy is emergent and mind-dependent — it has no independent existence outside consciousness. Conservation is variable because the regularity of energetic processes is sustained by mind, not by autonomous physical law. Dispersibility is irreversible within the phenomenal order of perception, but ultimately energy is as impermanent as any other mental content.

Information is mind-dependent — it exists only as a content of consciousness. Without a perceiving mind, there is no information. Information is emergent from mental activity, not a pre-existing feature of a mind-independent world. It is non-conserved because mental contents arise and pass away; forgetting is real.