How was Christ exalted in his resurrection?
Christ was exalted in his resurrection, in that, not having seen corruption in death (of which it was not possible for him to be held),1 and having the very same body in which he suffered, with the essential properties thereof 2 (but without mortality, and other common infirmities belonging to this life), really united to his soul,3 he rose again from the dead the third day by his own power;4 whereby he declared himself to be the Son of God,5 to have satisfied divine justice,6 to have vanquished death, and him that had the power of it,7 and to be Lord of quick and dead:8 all which he did as a public person,9 the head of his church,10 for their justification,11 quickening in grace,12 support against enemies,13 and to assure them of their resurrection from the dead at the last day.14
Scripture proofs
The Westminster Assembly's proof texts (KJV). The bracketed numbers in the answer above mark the clause each set of references supports; expand a row to read the verses.
1 Acts 2:24, 27
Acts 2:24 Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.
Acts 2:27 Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.
2 Luke 24:39
Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have.
3 Rom. 6:9; Rev. 1:18
Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him.
I am he that liveth, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death.
4 John 10:18
No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.
5 Rom. 1:4
And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead:
6 Rom. 8:34
Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.
7 Heb. 2:14
Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
8 Rom. 14:9
For to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living.
9 1 Cor. 15:21–22
1 Cor. 15:21 For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.
1 Cor. 15:22 For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
10 Eph. 1:20, 22–23; Col. 1:18
Eph. 1:20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places,
Eph. 1:22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,
Eph. 1:23 Which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.
And he is the head of the body, the church: who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence.
11 Rom. 4:25
Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.
12 Eph. 2:1, 5–6; Col. 2:12
Eph. 2:1 And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins;
Eph. 2:5 Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;)
Eph. 2:6 And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus:
Buried with him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised him from the dead.
13 1 Cor. 15:25–27
1 Cor. 15:25 For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet.
1 Cor. 15:26 The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death.
1 Cor. 15:27 For he hath put all things under his feet. But when he saith all things are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted, which did put all things under him.
14 1 Cor. 15:20
But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the firstfruits of them that slept.
This doctrine across the Standards
Where the Confession and the Westminster Shorter Catechism treat the same matter, so the question can be studied alongside its parallel statements.
In the Westminster Confession
VIII.4 This office the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake, which, that he might discharge, he was made under …
This office the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake, which, that he might discharge, he was made under the law, and did perfectly fulfill it; endured most grievous torments immediately in his soul, and most painful sufferings in his body; was crucified, and died; was buried, and remained under the power of death, yet saw no corruption. On the third day he arose from the dead, with the same body in which he suffered; with which also he ascended into heaven, and there sitteth at the right hand of his Father, making intercession; and shall return to judge men and angels at the end of the world.
→ VIII.4 · Of Christ the MediatorIn the Westminster Shorter Catechism
Q.27 Wherein did Christ's humiliation consist?
Christ's humiliation consisted in his being born, and that in a low condition, made under the law, undergoing the miseries of this life, the wrath of God, and the cursed death of the cross; in being buried, and continuing under the power of death for a time.
→ Open Q.27Q.28 Wherein consisteth Christ's exaltation?
Christ's exaltation consisteth in his rising again from the dead on the third day, in ascending up into heaven, in sitting at the right hand of God the Father, and in coming to judge the world at the last day.
→ Open Q.28