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Work #216 · Early-mid (preceding Science and the Modern World, 1925)

The Concept of Nature

Alfred North Whitehead
1920 (the Tarner Lectures, Trinity College Cambridge) · English
Lectures in eight chapters · Process philosophy / philosophy of nature

Against the "bifurcation of nature" into primary and secondary qualities — Whitehead's 1920 philosophy of nature as a single integrated event-process

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute The Concept of Nature (Early-mid (preceding Science and the Modern World, 1925))
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Relational
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Relational
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Emergent
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Multiple
Observer · Space Instance Multiple
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Both
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

The Concept of Nature

Process time — the durations of events as the basic temporal reality, against the mathematical instants of classical physics.

Space

The Concept of Nature

Relational extensional space — the relations of extension between events constitute spatial structure.

Matter

The Concept of Nature

Material reality as emergent from events and their qualities; the bifurcation of nature rejected.

Observer

The Concept of Nature

The perceiving observer as part of nature; the lived perception of nature is itself a natural event.

Energy

The Concept of Nature

Process energy as the dynamic content of events; not separable from the events themselves.

Information

The Concept of Nature

The structured relations of events preserve the natural information; lived perception discloses qualities that scientific abstraction omits.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

The Concept of Nature

The Concept of Nature's critique of the bifurcation of nature has been engaged appreciatively by philosophers (Bruno Latour, Isabelle Stengers in the recent French process-philosophical revival) and critiqued by strict scientific naturalists. The relation between the 1920 Concept of Nature, the 1922 Principle of Relativity, and the 1929 Process and Reality is itself an interpretive question — is the philosophy of nature smoothly developmental, or are there real shifts in Whitehead's metaphysical project?