Work Classification Layer
Compare Works
Pick two or more works to set their attribute fingerprints, dimension-by-dimension passages, and shared school embodiments side by side. Especially useful for author-stage comparisons (Wittgenstein early vs late) and for setting a single tradition's foundational texts against each other.
Nyayakusumanjali
Logical proof of God's existence through five arguments — the world as effect, atomic combination, cosmic order, knowledge, and scriptural authority all require Ishvara
Attribute Fingerprint
Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.
| Attribute | Nyayakusumanjali |
|---|---|
| Time · Extent | Both |
| Time · Ontological Status | Substantival |
| Time · Grain | Discrete |
| Time · Freedom | Non-Deterministic |
| Time · Traversability | Cyclical |
| Time · Dimensionality | One |
| Time · Direction | Uni-directional |
| Space · Extent | Infinite |
| Space · Ontological Status | Substantival |
| Space · Curvature | not engaged |
| Space · Dimensionality | Three |
| Space · Locality | Local |
| Matter · Extent | Finite |
| Matter · Ontological Status | Substantival |
| Matter · Conservation | Conserved |
| Matter · Dimensionality | Three |
| Matter · Locality | Local |
| Observer · Time Instance | Single |
| Observer · Space Instance | Single |
| Observer · Knowledge Extent | Mediate |
| Observer · Knowledge Retainment | Total |
| Observer · Physicality | Embodied |
| Observer · Agency | Active |
| Observer · Number | Plural |
| Observer · Metaphysical Agency | Personal |
| Observer · Moral Authority | Tradition |
| Observer · Theological Method | — |
| Energy · Extent | Finite |
| Energy · Ontological Status | Substantival |
| Energy · Conservation | Conserved |
| Energy · Dispersibility | Irreversible |
| Information · Ontological Status | Substantival |
| Information · Cosmic Conservation | Conserved |
| Information · Personal Conservation | Conserved |
| Information · Granularity | Discrete |
Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence
What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.
Time
Nyayakusumanjali
Both — Ishvara is eternal; the world undergoes cyclic creation and dissolution. Time is substantival (kala as a real category). Discrete in the Nyaya-Vaisheshika analysis of moments. Non-deterministic: the will of Ishvara and the choices of agents are real.
Space
Nyayakusumanjali
Infinite, substantival. Space (akasha/dik) is a real category containing all objects. Three-dimensional and local: atoms and composites occupy determinate positions.
Matter
Nyayakusumanjali
Atoms are eternal, finite in number, and combine under Ishvara's will to form the composite world. Conserved through cosmic cycles. Substantival and local.
Observer
Nyayakusumanjali
The self (atman) is the knowing subject — embodied, singular in each life, with mediate knowledge gained through pramanas. Ishvara is the supreme personal knower. Plural observers in a theistic cosmos.
Energy
Nyayakusumanjali
Not theorised independently. Causal efficacy is grounded in Ishvara's will and the inherent powers of substances.
Information
Nyayakusumanjali
Knowledge is a quality of the self, retained once gained. Ishvara's knowledge is total. The Vedas are a source of information authored by the omniscient Ishvara. Discrete: cognitions are distinct episodes.
Internal Tensions
Where each work's argument pulls against itself.
The Nyayakusumanjali's arguments presuppose the Nyaya-Vaisheshika ontology (atoms, inherence, universals) that Buddhist and other opponents reject. The fifth argument — from Vedic authority — is circular from a non-Hindu perspective, since it assumes what it seeks to prove (that the Vedas require an omniscient author). Within Hinduism, the Mimamsa school argued that the Vedas are authorless (apaurusheya) and eternal, directly contradicting Udayana's theistic account of scriptural authority.