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Work #1019 · Mature

Resistance to Civil Government

Henry David Thoreau
1849 (first published as "Resistance to Civil Government" in Aesthetic Papers; reprinted posthumously as "Civil Disobedience" in 1866) · English
Political-philosophical essay · American transcendentalism / political-philosophical individualism

"That government is best which governs least" — and when government becomes unjust, refusal to obey is not only a right but a duty

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Resistance to Civil Government (Mature)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Discrete

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Resistance to Civil Government

1849 American moment of slavery and the Mexican War; the long historical influence on subsequent movements.

Space

Resistance to Civil Government

The Massachusetts polity; the Concord jail where Thoreau spent his night.

Matter

Resistance to Civil Government

The embodied citizen refusing to pay taxes; the state-apparatus the refusal targets.

Observer

Resistance to Civil Government

The individual conscience; the unjust state.

Energy

Resistance to Civil Government

The moral energy of refusal; the political energy of organized resistance.

Information

Resistance to Civil Government

The argument from conscience to action; the specific tactical proposals.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Resistance to Civil Government

The essay's reception by Gandhi (Hind Swaraj), King (Letter from Birmingham Jail), and the modern nonviolent resistance tradition has substantially extended its scope beyond Thoreau's individual-libertarian register. Specific positions (the proper limits of political obligation, the relation between individual conscience and collective political action) remain debated.