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Work #1472 · Early

A Theory of Conditionals

Robert Stalnaker
1968 · English
Scientific-philosophical paper · Analytic metaphysics / possible-worlds semantics / philosophy of language

Stalnaker's 1968 founding paper of the possible-worlds semantics for conditionals — the 'Stalnaker conditional'

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute A Theory of Conditionals (Early)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom NDet
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Curved
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Impersonal
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

A Theory of Conditionals

1968. Stalnaker was 28; the paper appeared as the lead article in the Rescher-edited APQ Monograph.

Space

A Theory of Conditionals

Cornell / Pittsburgh philosophical milieu — Stalnaker had completed his Princeton PhD in 1965 and was teaching at Yale / Illinois before moving to Cornell.

Matter

A Theory of Conditionals

Short scientific-philosophical paper (~15 pages). Form is technical-semantic: definitions, axioms, theorems, philosophical interpretation.

Observer

A Theory of Conditionals

Early Stalnaker. The observer is the young philosophical-logician working at the intersection of Kripke's modal-logical framework and the substantive philosophical questions about conditionals.

Energy

A Theory of Conditionals

Formal-semantic energies of late-1960s philosophical logic. The selection-function semantics extends Kripke's possible-worlds framework to a problem (the meaning of conditionals) that earlier modal logic had not handled.

Information

A Theory of Conditionals

Single 15-page paper, hugely influential. The paper's central informational structure is the selection-function semantics; the philosophical-conceptual sections defend and motivate the formal apparatus.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

A Theory of Conditionals

Together with Lewis's 'Counterfactuals' (1973), the founding statement of possible-worlds semantics for conditionals; the Stalnaker-Lewis divergence (uniqueness assumption / Conditional Excluded Middle vs not) defined the field. The two frameworks continue to organise contemporary debates in philosophy of conditionals, with Stalnaker's defended by (among others) Frank Jackson and Stefan Kaufmann, Lewis's by (among others) Jonathan Bennett and Dorothy Edgington.