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Work #136

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Jean-Paul Sartre
29 October 1945 (Paris lecture); 1946 (published) · French
Public lecture with question-and-answer transcript · French existentialism

Existence precedes essence — we are nothing until we make ourselves; man is condemned to be free

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Existentialism Is a Humanism
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Relational
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Relational
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Immediate
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Constructed
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Relational
Information · Cosmic Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Time is the medium of self-creation through choice. The future is genuinely open; existential freedom is genuinely creative.

Space

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Standard background.

Matter

Existentialism Is a Humanism

The body is the situation through which freedom engages the world; substantival, real, but not philosophically central.

Observer

Existentialism Is a Humanism

The Sartrean observer is the radically free for-itself — embodied, plural (always with the look of others), actively constituting itself through choice. Moral authority is constructed; no metaphysical agency.

Energy

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Not directly engaged.

Information

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Real choices constitute real selves over time; no preserved cosmic record. Personal information not conserved across death.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Existentialism Is a Humanism

Sartre himself disowned the lecture as a popular simplification. Heidegger's Letter on Humanism reads it as missing the philosophical point of existential analysis. Many of the slogans have been philosophically refined in subsequent existentialist work (Beauvoir, Merleau-Ponty); the lecture's longevity is partly that of a manifesto rather than a rigorous philosophical statement.