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Work #1734

Maxims of Ptahhotep

Ptahhotep
c. 2400 BCE · Middle Egyptian (Prisse Papyrus copy is Middle Egyptian; original likely Old Egyptian)
Wisdom instruction (sebayt) — 37 maxims framed as a vizier's counsel to his son · Egyptian wisdom literature (sebayt)

Ma'at endures — the cosmic order of truth and justice as the foundation of moral life, inscribed for the instruction of a vizier's son

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Maxims of Ptahhotep
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Cyclical
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality not engaged
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation not engaged
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality not engaged
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Partial
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Passive
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Cosmic-ordering
Observer · Moral Authority Tradition
Observer · Theological Method N/A
Energy · Extent not engaged
Energy · Ontological Status not engaged
Energy · Conservation not engaged
Energy · Dispersibility not engaged
Information · Ontological Status not engaged
Information · Cosmic Conservation not engaged
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity not engaged

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Maxims of Ptahhotep

Ma'at endures "since the time of its creator" — eternal, unchanging, the ground of temporal order. Human time is cyclical: generations pass, sons succeed fathers, the same wisdom is transmitted again and again.

Space

Maxims of Ptahhotep

Space is the ordered Egyptian world: the court, the household, the Nile valley. The Maxims presuppose a substantival spatial reality in which right conduct operates.

Matter

Maxims of Ptahhotep

The Maxims address concrete material situations — meals, property, court proceedings — as the theatre of moral action. The material world is real and morally significant.

Observer

Maxims of Ptahhotep

The observer (the son being instructed) is embodied, socially situated, and morally responsible. Agency is passive in the sense that the correct stance is listening, deference, and alignment with ma'at — not autonomous moral innovation. Ma'at is the cosmic ordering principle.

Energy

Maxims of Ptahhotep

Energy is not a concept in the Maxims.

Information

Maxims of Ptahhotep

Wisdom is transmitted from father to son — the Maxims are themselves the medium of intergenerational information transfer. Personal information is not conserved beyond this-worldly reputation and legacy.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Maxims of Ptahhotep

The Maxims teach deference to the cosmic order (ma'at) while simultaneously offering practical advice for worldly success — getting ahead at court, managing subordinates, pleasing superiors. The tension between cosmic principle and courtly pragmatism is never resolved: is ma'at a transcendent moral law or a recipe for political survival? The Egyptian wisdom tradition itself oscillated between these poles for two millennia.