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Work #121

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Karl R. Popper
Composed 1938–1943 in New Zealand exile; published 1945 (2 vols) · English
Political-philosophical treatise in two volumes · Twentieth-century political liberalism / philosophy of science applied to politics

The closed society of tribal traditions vs the open society of critical inquiry — and the historicist enemies that produce totalitarianism

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute The Open Society and Its Enemies
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

The Open Society and Its Enemies

History is real but does not exhibit law-like patterns. The future is genuinely open; historicist predictions of social inevitability are misuses of scientific method.

Space

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Not engaged.

Matter

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Standard scientific realism; political institutions are real causal structures.

Observer

The Open Society and Its Enemies

The Popperian observer is the rational citizen in an open society — embodied, plural, active in critical inquiry. Moral authority is reason tempered by epistemic humility.

Energy

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Not engaged.

Information

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Real social-scientific knowledge accumulates through falsification, even if individual theories are overturned. Personal information not philosophically privileged (Popper is broadly secular).

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

The Open Society and Its Enemies

Popper's readings of Plato and Hegel were attacked almost immediately as crude and unhistorical (Hilary Putnam, Walter Kaufmann). The criticisms are partly right — Popper is interested in the use to which doctrines have been put rather than in fine-grained historical reading. The political point survives the historiographical objections more or less intact, but the book is rougher than it should be on both authors.