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Work #908 · Late (Næss's closing popular statement, written at 86)

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Arne Næss
1998 (Norwegian original Livsfilosofi: Et personlig bidrag om følelser og fornuft, Oslo: Universitetsforlaget); English 2002 · Norwegian
Personal-philosophical essay · Deep ecology / Norwegian philosophical naturalism

A flourishing life expands the self until it identifies with the larger living world

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World (Late (Næss's closing popular statement, written at 86))
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Relational
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Relational
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Experience
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Relational
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Relational
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Biographical time — the maturation of a self over a lifetime — is the implicit framework; deep time of ecological processes is the larger horizon.

Space

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Place-based — the Hallingskarvet mountain hut, the Norwegian wild — is treated as constitutive of the self, not as scenery.

Matter

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Living beings (trees, animals, rivers) are taken to have intrinsic value and to be participants in the extended self, not mere material.

Observer

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

The "ecological self" — a self that identifies with the larger living community and finds its flourishing in the flourishing of the whole.

Energy

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

The Spinozistic increase of power (joy) when the self identifies more widely; the decrease (sorrow) when it narrows.

Information

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Tacit, emotional, place-based knowing — the kind of cognition that arises from long-term involvement with a natural setting.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Life's Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World

Critics (Sylvan, Plumwood) have charged that deep ecology's "ecological self" risks dissolving moral distinctions — if all of nature is "self," who exactly is being wronged when an ecosystem is destroyed? Næss's reply is that identification does not erase distinctions but extends moral concern. The book's autobiographical register also leaves systematic questions (about animal welfare, about indigenous rights, about climate justice) under-developed.