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Work #1856

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Al-Masudi
c. 947 CE · Arabic
Encyclopaedic universal history and geography (30+ volumes) · Islamic historiography and geography

The Herodotus of the Arabs surveys every civilisation he can reach — universal history grounded in the traveller's own eyes

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Providential
Observer · Moral Authority Experience
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Universal history from creation to the present: time is linear, forward-moving, and populated by a succession of civilisations. Al-Masudi does not see history as cyclical but as a cumulative narrative.

Space

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Geography is central: the inhabited earth is divided into climatic zones, each shaping its peoples. Space is finite, real, and local — every region has its own character.

Matter

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Material reality — minerals, soils, waters, trade goods — is catalogued with empirical precision. Matter is finite and conserved.

Observer

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

The author is an embodied traveller who mediates between sources and personal observation. Knowledge is mediated but aspires to comprehensiveness. Plural observers (informants, earlier historians) are weighed and compared.

Energy

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Natural forces — tides, earthquakes, seasonal floods — are described empirically as finite, real, and irreversible.

Information

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

Historical knowledge is cumulative and conserved across generations. The written text is a deliberate act of information preservation.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems

The tension between empirical method (observe and compare) and the Islamic providential framework (God governs history) runs through the entire work. Al-Masudi wants both natural causation and divine oversight.