Clear all
Work #1728

Ab Urbe Condita

Livy (Titus Livius)
c. 27 BCE – 9 BCE · Latin (Ciceronian periodic prose)
Annalistic history in 142 books (35 survive: Books 1–10, 21–45) · Roman annalistic historiography

The history of Rome as the history of virtue: exempla of civic duty from Romulus to Augustus

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Ab Urbe Condita
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Cosmic-ordering
Observer · Moral Authority Tradition
Observer · Theological Method N/A
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity not engaged

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Ab Urbe Condita

Linear from the founding (753 BCE) to the present: the AUC dating system structures time as a single national sequence. Non-deterministic: the moral point of the exempla depends on the possibility of choosing differently.

Space

Ab Urbe Condita

Italy and the expanding Mediterranean: Latium, the Italian allies, the provinces. Moral geography: Rome at the centre, corruption arriving from the periphery.

Matter

Ab Urbe Condita

Conventional, untheorised: the stuff of war, agriculture, civic construction.

Observer

Ab Urbe Condita

Active, mediated through sources (annalists, Polybius). The reader is the intended observer: the exempla are addressed to a citizen who must choose.

Energy

Ab Urbe Condita

Finite and irreversible: civic energy is a resource being spent. The moral trajectory is entropic — from primitive virtue to contemporary decadence.

Information

Ab Urbe Condita

Conserved through the historian's labour: the exempla preserve the memory of virtuous action for posterity.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Ab Urbe Condita

The tension between historical method and moral message: Livy presents himself as a historian but selects material for didactic value. Legendary stories are told as if they were history, and Livy acknowledges but does not resolve the problem: "these traditions I shall neither affirm nor deny" (Praefatio 6).