Clear all
Work #163 · Mature (Civil War)

Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln
November 19, 1863 (delivered 4½ months after the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1–3, 1863) · English
Public address — 272 words, ten sentences, c. 2 minutes · American political theology / republican civic religion

"Of the people, by the people, for the people" — the founding text of an American civic religion in which the Civil War becomes a re-founding of the nation on the ground of equality

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Gettysburg Address (Mature (Civil War))
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Both
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Tradition
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Gettysburg Address

The Address's structure is explicitly historical: four score and seven years ago / now / for the future. Time is the medium of moral testing.

Space

Gettysburg Address

The battlefield as sacred space; the nation as a spatial-political reality.

Matter

Gettysburg Address

The bodies of the Union dead; the soil of the battlefield; the physical reality of the war.

Observer

Gettysburg Address

The American citizen-mourner, called to take up the unfinished work; plural, embodied; both active (resolving) and passive (receiving the cause from the dead).

Energy

Gettysburg Address

The "devotion" of the Union dead — the spiritual-civic energy now devolved upon the living.

Information

Gettysburg Address

The memory of the dead and the cause for which they died — preserved through public commemoration.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Gettysburg Address

The Address's identification of 1776 (not 1787) as the founding moment was constitutionally controversial — a re-reading of the American founding through the Declaration's equality clause that the original Constitution's slavery compromises had buried. Garry Wills argues this was effectively a constitutional revolution. The Address's civic-religious frame has been read by some as a sacralisation of nationalism (Wilfred McClay) and by others as a properly limited civil religion (Robert Bellah). The Second Inaugural (1865) develops the theological reading further.