Clear all
Work #413 · Late (Lewis's mature systematic statement of the modal-realist programme)

On the Plurality of Worlds

David Lewis
1986 · English
Systematic philosophical monograph · Analytic metaphysics / modal realism

Every way the world could have been is a way some concrete world is — modal realism in its strongest form

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute On the Plurality of Worlds (Late (Lewis's mature systematic statement of the modal-realist programme))
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Partial
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method N/A
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

On the Plurality of Worlds

B-theoretic eternalism within each world; four-dimensional persistence through temporal parts.

Space

On the Plurality of Worlds

Standard substantival space within each of the infinitely many concrete worlds.

Matter

On the Plurality of Worlds

Standard substantival matter; the local-qualities mosaic of Humean supervenience.

Observer

On the Plurality of Worlds

Plural finite observers in each world; mediated knowledge through inference. No metaphysical agency.

Energy

On the Plurality of Worlds

Standard physics.

Information

On the Plurality of Worlds

Information conserved at the world-scale; personal soul not.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

On the Plurality of Worlds

The "incredulous stare" objection is the principal lasting difficulty: modal realism is the position most analytic philosophers find unbelievable while granting its systematic power. Alternatives (Kripkean abstractionism, ersatzism, fictionalism) trade off different theoretical costs.