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Work #93 · Early

A Treatise of Human Nature

David Hume
Books I & II 1739; Book III 1740 (anonymously; Hume aged 28) · English
Systematic philosophical treatise in three books · British empiricism / Scottish Enlightenment

Reason is and ought to be the slave of the passions — and the most rigorous Newtonian science of human nature

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute A Treatise of Human Nature (Early)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Relational
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Relational
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Relational
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Immediate
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Both
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Experience
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Relational
Information · Cosmic Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Discrete

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

A Treatise of Human Nature

Time is the framework within which one impression follows another. The famous critique of causation turns on a temporal relation observed as constant conjunction.

Space

A Treatise of Human Nature

Space is the relational manifold of co-existing impressions; not a substantival container.

Matter

A Treatise of Human Nature

External objects are inferences from the regularities of our impressions, not directly perceived. Hume is agnostic about material substance.

Observer

A Treatise of Human Nature

The bundle-self: no simple substantival "I," only a stream of impressions and ideas. Mixed agency (compatibilist). Moral authority is experience and sentiment.

Energy

A Treatise of Human Nature

Not engaged philosophically.

Information

A Treatise of Human Nature

Patterned succession of impressions, relational and discrete. Personal information not conserved across death.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

A Treatise of Human Nature

The Treatise's alternation between rigorous scepticism and endorsement of common-sense belief was acknowledged by Hume himself ("having taken a glass of wine and played a game of backgammon, I find these speculations cold and strained"). The relation between books I, II, and III — whether the moral philosophy presupposes the epistemology or stands independently — has been the subject of major scholarly debate (Stroud, Norton, Garrett).