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Work #1806

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Han Yu
819 CE · Classical Chinese
Memorial (shangshu/biao) addressed to Emperor Xianzong · Confucian political remonstrance

Since Buddhism entered China the dynasties have been short-lived — the fearless memorial that told the emperor to burn the bone and restore the ancient Way

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha
Time · Extent Finite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Partial
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Cosmic-ordering
Observer · Moral Authority Tradition
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation not engaged
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Finite, substantival, uni-directional. The Memorial argues from historical precedent: long-lived sage-king dynasties vs. short-lived Buddhist-favouring ones. Degenerative orientation: the present has declined from the ancient ideal.

Space

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Finite, substantival. China (the civilised world, tianxia) is the spatial frame. Buddhism is spatially foreign — it comes from beyond the borders of civilisation.

Matter

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Substantival, finite, conserved. The Memorial treats the Buddha's relic as mere material — "a dried and rotten bone" — stripping it of sacred significance.

Observer

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Embodied, active, mediated. The scholar-official observes history and draws moral conclusions. Partial retainment: the Way was lost after Mencius. Cosmic-ordering: Heaven (Tian) provides the impersonal moral order.

Energy

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Finite, conserved. Not theorised independently. The political energy of the state is wasted on Buddhist ceremonies.

Information

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

Substantival. The classics encode the Way; Buddhism corrupts the informational order. Personal conservation is unaddressed — Han Yu rejects the Buddhist afterlife without offering a Confucian alternative.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Memorial on the Bone of the Buddha

The Memorial attacks Buddhism on political and moral grounds but does not engage its metaphysical or soteriological arguments — an intellectual incompleteness that later Neo-Confucians (Zhu Xi, Wang Yangming) would attempt to remedy. The claim that Buddhism causes dynastic decline is historically questionable: the Tang dynasty itself was both Buddhist and powerful. Han Yu's willingness to risk death for his convictions embodies the Confucian ideal of remonstrance, but his exile also reveals the limits of scholar-official power before imperial authority.