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Work #1830 · Mature (the culmination of approximately 15 years of experimentation with movable type)

Gutenberg Bible

Johannes Gutenberg (Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden)
c. 1452–1455 (printed in Mainz; approximately 180 copies produced) · Latin (Vulgate text)
Printed book (two volumes, 42 lines per page) · Technological-cultural artifact / Vulgate biblical tradition / European print revolution

The technology that broke the manuscript monopoly — 180 identical Bibles produced in the time it would have taken a scribe to copy one

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Gutenberg Bible (Mature (the culmination of approximately 15 years of experimentation with movable type))
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Implicit
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Scripture
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Discrete

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Gutenberg Bible

The salvation-historical time of the Vulgate text, from Genesis to Revelation; and the technological time of the print revolution that the artifact inaugurated.

Space

Gutenberg Bible

The physical artifact — two folio volumes, each page 42 lines — and the European space it transformed by enabling rapid dissemination of identical texts.

Matter

Gutenberg Bible

The material technology: lead-tin-antimony type alloy, oil-based ink, rag paper and vellum, wooden screw press.

Observer

Gutenberg Bible

The reader multiplied: the Gutenberg Bible's significance is that it created thousands of readers where there had been dozens. Active observers engaging with identical texts.

Energy

Gutenberg Bible

The mechanical energy of the press and the human labour of typesetting — finite, conserved, irreversible.

Information

Gutenberg Bible

The supreme information artifact: the Gutenberg Bible demonstrates that textual information can be reproduced without degradation. Discrete granularity: each metal type is the atomic unit of printed information.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Gutenberg Bible

The Gutenberg Bible is a conservative artifact — a faithful reproduction of the standard Vulgate — produced by a revolutionary technology. The tension between content (the medieval Church's Bible) and medium (a technology that would undermine the Church's monopoly on knowledge) is the defining irony. Gutenberg himself was a bankrupt artisan, not a reformer; the revolutionary consequences of his invention were entirely unintended.