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Work #1594 · Late

The Analyst

George Berkeley
1734 · English
Philosophical-mathematical critique · Anglo-Irish idealism / philosophy of mathematics / Anglican polemic

Berkeley's 1734 'The Analyst' — 'ghosts of departed quantities' — the philosophical critique of Newton's infinitesimal calculus

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute The Analyst (Late)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Emergent
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Emergent
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Non-local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Emergent
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Non-local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Total
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Disembodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Revelation
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Emergent
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Emergent
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

The Analyst

1734. Berkeley was 49 and had just returned to England from his three-year residence in Rhode Island (1729-31); he became Bishop of Cloyne later in 1734.

Space

The Analyst

London publication; Berkeley's Anglo-Irish bishop-philosopher context. The Royal Society debate over the foundations of the calculus (Newtonian fluxions vs. Leibnizian differentials) was at its height in 1734.

Matter

The Analyst

Single critical-philosophical pamphlet (~80 pages). Form is treatise-essayistic with numbered paragraphs (§§1-67) running through the argument.

Observer

The Analyst

Late Berkeley. The observer-philosopher is the Anglo-Irish bishop-philosopher (Berkeley would die in 1753) at the height of his anti-free-thinking apologetic work.

Energy

The Analyst

Polemical-philosophical-mathematical energies. The pamphlet's rhetorical force was substantial — it was widely read and replied to (Jurin's 'Geometry No Friend to Infidelity', 1734; Robins's 'Discourse Concerning the Nature and Certainty of Sir Isaac Newton's Methods of Fluxions', 1735) and stimulated a substantial mathematical-foundational literature.

Information

The Analyst

Single pamphlet of 67 numbered paragraphs. The 'ghosts of departed quantities' phrase (§35) is the most-cited passage.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

The Analyst

Exposed real foundational difficulties in the calculus — credited with motivating the nineteenth-century arithmetisation of analysis. Berkeley's argument was philosophically substantial as well as rhetorically devastating; subsequent mathematicians (Lagrange, Cauchy, Weierstrass) had to work out the rigorous foundations the calculus had originally lacked.