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Work #1594 · Late

The Analyst

George Berkeley
1734 · English
Philosophical-mathematical critique · Anglo-Irish idealism / philosophy of mathematics / Anglican polemic

Berkeley's 1734 'The Analyst' — 'ghosts of departed quantities' — the philosophical critique of Newton's infinitesimal calculus

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute The Analyst (Late)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Emergent
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Emergent
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Non-local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Emergent
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Non-local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Total
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Disembodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Revelation
Observer · Theological Method —
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Emergent
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Emergent
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

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Time

The Analyst

1734. Berkeley was 49 and had just returned to England from his three-year residence in Rhode Island (1729-31); he became Bishop of Cloyne later in 1734.

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Space

The Analyst

London publication; Berkeley's Anglo-Irish bishop-philosopher context. The Royal Society debate over the foundations of the calculus (Newtonian fluxions vs. Leibnizian differentials) was at its height in 1734.

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Matter

The Analyst

Single critical-philosophical pamphlet (~80 pages). Form is treatise-essayistic with numbered paragraphs (§§1-67) running through the argument.

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Observer

The Analyst

Late Berkeley. The observer-philosopher is the Anglo-Irish bishop-philosopher (Berkeley would die in 1753) at the height of his anti-free-thinking apologetic work.

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Energy

The Analyst

Polemical-philosophical-mathematical energies. The pamphlet's rhetorical force was substantial — it was widely read and replied to (Jurin's 'Geometry No Friend to Infidelity', 1734; Robins's 'Discourse Concerning the Nature and Certainty of Sir Isaac Newton's Methods of Fluxions', 1735) and stimulated a substantial mathematical-foundational literature.

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Information

The Analyst

Single pamphlet of 67 numbered paragraphs. The 'ghosts of departed quantities' phrase (§35) is the most-cited passage.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

The Analyst

Exposed real foundational difficulties in the calculus — credited with motivating the nineteenth-century arithmetisation of analysis. Berkeley's argument was philosophically substantial as well as rhetorically devastating; subsequent mathematicians (Lagrange, Cauchy, Weierstrass) had to work out the rigorous foundations the calculus had originally lacked.