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Work #811 · Late

Ways of Seeing

John Berger
1972 (BBC series and book) · English
Essays in popular art criticism · Late-twentieth-century British Marxist cultural criticism

Berger's 1972 BBC series and book transforming popular art criticism — the gaze and oil painting

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Ways of Seeing (Late)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Both
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Experience
Observer · Theological Method —
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

⧖

Time

Ways of Seeing

The historical time of European oil painting.

✦

Space

Ways of Seeing

The painted and photographed visual space.

◉

Matter

Ways of Seeing

The oil painting as material object.

◎

Observer

Ways of Seeing

The seeing-and-seen subject (especially the male gaze).

⚡

Energy

Ways of Seeing

Energies of seeing and possessing.

⧉

Information

Ways of Seeing

The image as cultural-economic information.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Ways of Seeing

Berger's Ways of Seeing: foundational for popular art criticism, feminist art theory, cultural studies, and visual studies.