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Work #119

Novum Organum

Francis Bacon
1620 (London; intended as Part II of the never-completed Instauratio Magna) · Latin
Aphorisms in two books · Early modern empiricism / scientific method

Knowledge is power — and the road to it is patient inductive observation, freed from the four Idols of the mind

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Novum Organum
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Novum Organum

Standard pre-Newtonian temporal realism. The scientific project unfolds in real historical time — Bacon explicitly envisions a multi-generational collaborative undertaking.

Space

Novum Organum

Standard background. Bacon's method applies to investigation of any natural phenomenon in physical space.

Matter

Novum Organum

Real, substantival, the proper object of scientific investigation. Bacon's method is most directly applied to the study of material nature.

Observer

Novum Organum

The Baconian observer is the embodied investigator in a collaborative scientific community. Knowledge is built up cumulatively through induction; no individual can complete the project. Moral authority is reason supplemented by observation.

Energy

Novum Organum

Pre-thermodynamic framework. Bacon's investigations of heat (Novum Organum II.20) anticipate the experimental study of energetic phenomena.

Information

Novum Organum

Real natural information is preserved in the careful records of natural philosophy — the Sylva Sylvarum project is the practical companion. Standard Christian framework for personal information.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Novum Organum

Bacon's rhetorical ambition — to overthrow Aristotle and Plato — sits awkwardly with his actual scientific achievements, which were modest. Newton, Boyle, and the Royal Society honoured Bacon as their methodological ancestor; the technical fruit of the method came later. Bacon's political career and personal corruption (he was impeached for bribery in 1621) have also been used against the work, though the philosophy stands independent.