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Work #270

On the Heavens

Aristotle
c. 350 BC · Classical Greek
Cosmological treatise in four books · Classical Greek philosophy / Aristotelian cosmology

The geocentric cosmos — Aristotle's major cosmological treatise, the foundation of pre-Copernican Western cosmology

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute On the Heavens
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Cyclical
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Curved
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Total
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Cosmic-ordering
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

On the Heavens

Eternal cyclical time of the heavenly motions; uniform-directional time of the sublunar realm.

Space

On the Heavens

The finite spherical cosmos with the Earth at the centre; spatial curvature of the heavenly spheres.

Matter

On the Heavens

The four sublunar elements with their natural places; the fifth element (aether) of the heavens.

Observer

On the Heavens

The natural philosopher as the cosmological observer — embodied, plural. The Prime Mover as cosmic-ordering framework.

Energy

On the Heavens

Natural motions of the elements; the eternal motion of the heavens driven by the Prime Mover.

Information

On the Heavens

The cosmological structure preserved in philosophical-scientific knowledge.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

On the Heavens

On the Heavens' geocentric cosmology was overturned by the Copernican revolution; the doctrine of natural place was overturned by Galilean-Newtonian mechanics. The book's historical importance — dominating Western cosmology for two millennia — exceeds its contemporary scientific status. Recent engagement (especially in Aristotelian-inflected philosophy of nature) has rehabilitated some of the conceptual apparatus while abandoning the specific cosmological claims.