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Work #987 · Mature

Historia Animalium

Aristotle
c. 343-340 BC (composed during Aristotle's Lesbos period and continued at the Lyceum) · Classical Greek
Natural-historical treatise in ten books (Book 10 of disputed authenticity) · Classical Greek philosophy / ancient biology

The founding work of systematic biology — comparative anatomy, behaviour, reproduction, and ecology across the animal kingdom

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Historia Animalium (Mature)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Partial
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency None
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Discrete

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Historia Animalium

The seasonal-biological time of reproduction, migration, life-cycle; the developmental time within each individual organism.

Space

Historia Animalium

The geographic-ecological space of habitats; the small-scale anatomical space of organs and tissues.

Matter

Historia Animalium

The embodied animals — their flesh, bone, blood, organs — as the immediate object of biological inquiry.

Observer

Historia Animalium

Aristotle and his collaborators as the empirical-philosophical observers; the local fishermen and hunters who supplied data.

Energy

Historia Animalium

The biological energies of life-processes — reproduction, growth, locomotion, metabolism.

Information

Historia Animalium

The systematic catalogue of species and their features; the comparative-analytical patterns that organise the corpus.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Historia Animalium

The Historia Animalium was the principal classical source for biology for two millennia, but its specific observations have been substantially superseded by post-Renaissance and especially nineteenth-century work. The work's philosophical-methodological commitments (empirical observation, comparative analysis, refusal to subordinate biology to abstract philosophy) have aged better than its specific content.