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Work #1813

On Nature (fragments)

Anaximenes of Miletus
c. mid-6th century BCE · Ancient Greek
Philosophical prose treatise (fragments and testimonia) · Pre-Socratic natural philosophy / Milesian school

Air as arche — rarefaction yields fire, condensation yields wind, cloud, water, earth, stone: the first quantitative mechanism of change

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute On Nature (fragments)
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality not engaged
Matter · Extent Infinite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality not engaged
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Partial
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency not engaged
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method —
Energy · Extent Infinite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Reversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Non-conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

⧖

Time

On Nature (fragments)

Eternal natural order: air has always existed. Deterministic: rarefaction and condensation follow necessary physical laws.

✦

Space

On Nature (fragments)

Infinite: air "encompasses the whole world" (Fr. B2). The flat earth floats on air.

◉

Matter

On Nature (fragments)

Infinite, conserved, substantival: air transforms by density change — the first quantitative conservation principle.

◎

Observer

On Nature (fragments)

The rational inquirer reasoning from analogy (soul-to-air, body-to-cosmos). Embodied, active.

⚡

Energy

On Nature (fragments)

Rarefaction and condensation imply conserved energetic processes. Reversible: the same air can rarefy and condense.

⧉

Information

On Nature (fragments)

Structural information in density patterns. Continuous granularity. No afterlife doctrine.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

On Nature (fragments)

Mechanism vs. hylozoism: is air alive because it is the soul's substance, or is the soul merely indifferent air? The tension between the mechanistic strategy and the animist overtone was never resolved.