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Work #1794 · Early

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Al-Jahiz (Abu Uthman Amr ibn Bahr)
c. 860 · Arabic
Encyclopaedic treatise · Abbasid-era Mutazili natural philosophy and adab literature

Seven volumes of zoological observation, Qur'anic exegesis, and proto-evolutionary thinking — the natural world as proof of divine wisdom

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where works disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid is shown.

Attribute Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals) (Early)
Time · Extent Finite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature not engaged
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Reason
Observer · Theological Method
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each work's passages reveal about its stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Created, finite, linear temporal framework within Mutazili theology.

Space

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Finite, three-dimensional Ptolemaic-Aristotelian cosmos populated by observed species.

Matter

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Created, conserved hylomorphic matter; animals adapted to environments.

Observer

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Embodied rational observer classifying the natural world through observation and reason.

Energy

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Finite natural power flowing through food chains and environmental causes.

Information

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Zoological and theological knowledge as substantival, conserved across cultures.

Internal Tensions

Where each work's argument pulls against itself.

Kitab al-Hayawan (Book of Animals)

Tension between proto-evolutionary observation of environmental adaptation and theological commitment to divine design; between empirical observation and literary anecdote.