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Persona #145

James Cone

1938–2018
American theologian; founder of Black Liberation Theology

God is Black — theology done from the underside of American racial history

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where personas disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid (32 attributes) is shown.

Attribute James Cone
Time · Extent Finite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Non-Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Finite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature Flat
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality Local
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality Local
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Mediated
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Partial
Observer · Physicality Both
Observer · Agency Active
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Revelation
Observer · Theological Method Magisterial
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity Continuous

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each persona's writings reveal about their stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

James Cone

Historical time read from the underside; God acts liberatively in the events of Black resistance.

Space

James Cone

Standard substantival; the segregated landscape of American racial geography is the site of God's action.

Matter

James Cone

Standard substantival matter; the lynched body and the gathered congregation are the theological loci.

Observer

James Cone

Plural observers; Black self-definition over against white categorization. Personal-divine cosmic agency: the God of the exodus and the cross.

Energy

James Cone

Standard physics.

Information

James Cone

Personal soul conserved; the cloud of witnesses includes the lynched and unnamed dead.

Internal Tensions

Where each persona's working synthesis strains against itself.

James Cone

Cone's early identification of God with Blackness was attacked as racial reverse-theology by white critics and as too narrow by some womanist successors (Delores Williams, Katie Cannon) who pressed him to include Black women's experience more centrally. Cone publicly accepted the womanist correction. The relationship to King's nonviolent Personalism and Malcolm's Black nationalism was the unsettled tension Cone returned to throughout his career.