Clear all
Persona #4

Abraham Lincoln

1809–1865
American President during the Civil War

Reformed-tinged fatalism, hard prairie realism, Stoic endurance under impossible weight

Attribute Fingerprint

Rows where personas disagree are highlighted in gold. The full ontology grid (32 attributes) is shown.

Attribute Abraham Lincoln
Time · Extent Infinite
Time · Ontological Status Substantival
Time · Grain Continuous
Time · Freedom Deterministic
Time · Traversability Linear
Time · Dimensionality One
Time · Direction Uni-directional
Space · Extent Infinite
Space · Ontological Status Substantival
Space · Curvature implicit
Space · Dimensionality Three
Space · Locality implicit
Matter · Extent Finite
Matter · Ontological Status Substantival
Matter · Conservation Conserved
Matter · Dimensionality Three
Matter · Locality implicit
Observer · Time Instance Single
Observer · Space Instance Single
Observer · Knowledge Extent Immediate
Observer · Knowledge Retainment Total
Observer · Physicality Embodied
Observer · Agency Both
Observer · Number Plural
Observer · Metaphysical Agency Personal
Observer · Moral Authority Scripture
Observer · Theological Method Pragmatic-civic
Energy · Extent Finite
Energy · Ontological Status Substantival
Energy · Conservation Conserved
Energy · Dispersibility Irreversible
Information · Ontological Status Substantival
Information · Cosmic Conservation Conserved
Information · Personal Conservation Conserved
Information · Granularity implicit

Dimension-by-Dimension Evidence

What each persona's writings reveal about their stance on each of the six dimensions.

Time

Abraham Lincoln

Deterministic — at least at the level of Providence. The "Meditation on the Divine Will" states it plainly: "The will of God prevails. In great contests each party claims to act in accordance with the will of God. Both may be, and one must be, wrong." (1862) The future is fixed in God's mind, even if hidden from ours.

Space

Abraham Lincoln

Hard, substantival, North-American. Lincoln's political imagination is dominated by territory: the indivisibility of the Union, the line between free and slave states, the geographic realities of supply and railroad.

Matter

Abraham Lincoln

Standard nineteenth-century: substantival, conserved, three-dimensional, local. The war was won by the side that could keep more men in the field with better materiel — Lincoln understood this and made his cabinet do so too.

Observer

Abraham Lincoln

A single embodied person, deeply aware of being one actor among many under a sovereignty that exceeds him. Agency is Both: he acted decisively (Emancipation, the suspension of habeas corpus, the choice of Grant) and at the same time saw himself as moved by forces he could not name. Metaphysical agency: Personal. "I have been driven many times upon my knees by the overwhelming conviction that I had nowhere else to go." (Quoted by Noah Brooks, who knew him.)

Energy

Abraham Lincoln

Conventional Newtonian conservation. The war's prodigious destruction taught him that energy and life expended cannot be recovered — the irreversibility of suffering is a theme of the Second Inaugural.

Information

Abraham Lincoln

Conserved. The historical record is real and weighty ("the world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here" — Gettysburg, 1863). Personal-identity conservation through the Christian inheritance, intensified by grief: after his son Willie's death (1862) Lincoln read the Bible far more closely than before.

Internal Tensions

Where each persona's working synthesis strains against itself.

Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln's Calvinist-tinged determinism sits uneasily with his fierce moral activism: if Providence governs all, why exhort, organise, fight? His answer — given quietly in the Hodges letter — is that human action is itself the instrument of Providence. This is a compatibilist solution he never quite spelled out, but it is the working synthesis of his last years.